The Art of Crafting Perfect “French” Bread

This recipe in the King Arthur Baking School cookbook is titled French Bread, but it’s similar to “straight” breads made in multiple bread traditions. I love this kind of bread.

The night before baking I mixed the preferment (a poolish in this case, with equal amounts of flour and water): flour, water, yeast, and time.

14 hours later I mixed the dough in my KitchenAid mixer. I dislike the feeling of a very sticky dough on my hands, so I prefer to use tools to mitigate the stickiness. After the initial mix I kneaded the dough in the mixer for a few minutes, then covered it and set it aside to rise.

The dough rose for 1 1/2 hours with a fold in the middle to enhance the gluten structure. in the photos below you can see how much the bread rose during this period.

I divided the dough in half by eye, and preshaped each half.

While the preshaped dough rested I floured my bannetons. After 20 minutes I did the final shaping, put the dough in the bannetons (seam-side up), and covered them for the final rise. I also started my oven and my baking vessels preheating.

The bread needed a full hour for its final rise.

After the final rise was complete I turned the dough out of the bannetons onto parchment paper. I brushed away the excess flour, and scored the dough before putting the dough into my baking vessels and into the oven.

I kept the lids on the baking vessels for 15 minutes to allow the dough to bake with steam. I removed the covers and lowered the oven temperature after 15 minutes.

The bread baked for an additional 30 minutes uncovered (45 minutes total).

First of all, this bread is pretty. I love how scoring can be decorative as well as functional. Secondly, this bread is delicious. It has a tight crumb with few large holes. It tastes almost like a sandwich bread, except for the thicker, tougher crust. I love a crusty bread. This bread does feel more sophisticated or refined, or maybe less rustic than similar breads made with less yeast and more time.

Until the next time: may your yeast always rise and your flour never run out.

Easy Pita Bread with Spelt Flour

I’ve made pita before, but until now I had never worked with spelt. This ancient grain brings a delicious, nutty flavor to the party. I’m glad I tried it.

For the preferment I combined the spelt flour, water, and yeast.

This was a very short preferment, so I mixed in the remaining ingredients after just 15 minutes.

This dough did not need to be kneaded, so I immediately set it aside for an hour to rise. I put my baking stone in the oven and started the oven preheating during this time.

After the bulk rise I divided the dough into 8 pieces and rolled each piece into a ball.

The balls rested for 15 minutes while the oven finished preheating, then I rolled them out into rounds. The spelt flour is very extensible, and I rolled the first two pita much too thin, but the last 6 were a reasonable size and thickness.

I baked two pita at a time on my baking stone. I flipped them after a minute or two, once they had puffed on the first side.

The finished pita were quite blonde. Since colour = flavor, I chose to cook the pita over my gas stove for a few seconds before serving. This helped both the flavor and texture of the pita.

When the pita were done I made some fillings and enjoyed a delicious dinner.

Until the next time: may your yeast always rise and your flour never run out.

Embracing a Family Tradition: Pizza Night at Home

When I was a kid we had pizza every Friday night. My mom would spend all day making the dough, and then at dinner time she would make a big pizza and let us kids make our own little pizzas. It was fun to choose our own flavors and decorate them just so, and the pizza was always delicious. This pizza recipe is in a bit of a different style, but it still reminds me of being a kid.

I started by prefermenting a portion of both the flour and water in my recipe with just a pinch of yeast and letting it rise for 4 hours. This preferment could have gone longer, but I mixed it into the dough when it was convenient for me. Flat breads like pizza can be a little more forgiving about rising times than traditional breads where we’re trying to coax as much rise out of the dough as possible.

I mixed the preferment and the remaining dough ingredients together and into a very shaggy mass, then kneaded by hand until the ingredients were fully incorporated and the dough was smooth.

The dough rose for 2 hours before I divided it into two rounds and shaped it into pizzas. I started by patting each round into a circle, then I used my hands and gravity to stretch the dough into a large round, maybe 15” in diameter. I tried to get the dough thickness even, but it’s harder than it looks.

When the dough was shaped to my satisfaction I topped the pizza with sauce my husband made, then fresh mozzarella and provolone, and finally garden-fresh basil.

I floured my pizza peel and held my breath while I loaded the pizza onto it and then put it into a very hot oven. I followed the pizza baking recommendation from Flour, Water, Salt, Yeast: I used a pizza stone and heated my oven as high as it would go (550 degrees Fahrenheit). Once the oven was searing hot and I was tired of waiting for it to get hotter I changed the setting to Broil while I topped the pizza. I kept the broil setting on to bake the pizza.

The second pizza was done in much the same way, except I used Boar’s Head pepperoni, sliced thin, instead of basil.

Both pizzas turned out delicious! My husband said it was the best pizza he’s ever had.

My pizza shaping/stretching technique is not great (yet!). I definitely need to practice more, which is totally ok with me. I don’t mind more pizza.

I had trouble loading the second pizza onto the peel and into the oven because I didn’t re-flour my peel. I also didn’t give the oven long enough to come back up to temperature between the first and second pizzas, so the second pizza wasn’t as crispy as the first.

And finally, the amount of sauce and cheese was perfect for both pizzas, but both could have used more of their final toppings: at least twice as much basil and half again as much pepperoni.

Overall, I would call this recipe a rousing sucess, even though I still having some areas for improvement with shaping technique and topping. Practice will solve these.

Until the next time: may your yeast always rise and your flour never run out.

Making Delicious Bagels at Home

The journey from pretzels to summits to bagels has been an interesting one. These cousins are all delicious, and it’s been so interesting to see how they are similar and different!

As usual, I started with the mise en place: a very simple list of ingredients this time.

I kneaded the dough in my KitchenAid mixer for 10 minutes, then set it aside to rise for half an hour.

Once the dough had risen I divided it into 8 pieces and shaped each piece into a little log.

I let the logs rest for 15 minutes before shaping them into bagels.

As suggested in the recipe, I gave my bagels a long rest. 6 hours later I took the bagels out of the fridge.

Toward the end of the rising time I prepared my water bath.

The bagels stuck to the parchment paper when I transferred them to the water bath, which I did not expect, so they got a little mangled in transport. Next time I would grease the parchment paper before resting the bagels. But I did manage to get all the bagels poached and back on their sheet pan.

Half of the bagels were topped with Asiago cheese and the other half were topped with Everything seasoning.

I baked the bagels for the full 25 minutes recommended in the recipe, and I could have probably gone another few minutes longer for the Asiago bagels. But I didn’t want to burn the Everything bagels, so I pulled them all out.

These bagels were delicious. Slightly chewy, but nothing like the grocery store bagels that you have to do jaw workouts to enjoy. The Everything bagels had too much topping on them (I didn’t even know that was possible), so in future I would use half or a third of the topping per bagel. The Asiago bagels were perfect other than possibly needing a slightly longer bake time for additional flavor.

Until the next time: may your yeast always rise and your flour never run out.

Simit: The Sweet and Savory Turkish Bagel

I had never heard of simits before reading this recipe, but I was excited to try something new, and these turned out so delicious! As always, I started out with the mise en place:

I mixed and kneaded the flour, water, salt, and yeast together in my stand mixer for several minutes until the ingredients were well-incorporated and the dough was smooth.

Meanwhile, I had a lot of fun beating the butter with my rolling pin to soften it without warming it up too much.

I added the (still cold) butter to the dough bit by bit until it was all incorporated and then continued to knead the dough until it was silky smooth.

I covered the dough and let it rise. After 45 minutes I did a fold. The dough was super supple and extensible and was such a pleasure to handle!

I let the dough rest for another 45 minutes. Toward the end of this time I prepared the molasses bath and sesame seeds for the topping.

Shaping was surprisingly easy. I cut the dough into 24 pieces, then rolled each one out into a long rope. Then two ropes were twisted together by rolling up with one hand while rolling down with the other. Then the twist was wrapped around the hand and rolled together.

Before setting the simits aside to rise I dipped each one into a molasses bath and then into sesame seeds. I covered the trays and let them rise for half an hour while I preheated the oven.

My husband was preparing to fry some chicken while I was making the simits and he suggested frying a couple. Friends, this was a very good idea! They were wonderful fried, and a bit of cinnamon sugar on top made them even better!

With the fried simits consumed, it was time to bake the rest of the batch.

These simits turned out so well! They have the slightest hint of sweetness from the molasses bath, but the dough and sesame seeds are savory. We enjoyed them with breakfast until they were gone (and I was sad when they were gone). If you have never made (or tried) simits before, I would definitely recommend them.

Until the next time: may your yeast always rise and your flour never run out.

Mastering the Art of Pretzel Making: From Dough to Delicious

I love a warm, soft pretzel, and I was super excited to make my own! As usual, I started with the mise en place for the dough.

I mixed the ingredients together on my KitchenAid mixer on the “stir” setting for 3 minutes, then on speed 4 for 5 minutes, then set the dough aside to rest.

After an hour the dough had risen, so I divided it into 12 pieces and roughly preshaped each piece into a log.

Then I shaped each piece into a pretzel. First I rolled each log into a long snake, about 2 feet long. Then I twisted the ends around each other twice. I brought the ends down to the base of the pretzel body and smushed them into place. Finally, I shimmied the pretzels into a nice shape and placed them on a pan to rise.

The pretzels were visibly puffy after 40 minutes. I boiled water and baking soda for the water bath.

I boiled each pretzel individually for 10 seconds on each side. It was a little tricky to get the pretzels into the water without deflating them, distorting the shape, or sticking to them.

After a few minutes all 12 pretzels had been boiled. I sprinkled them with salt and put them in the oven.

I baked the pretzels for 22 minutes, which was the maximum recommended baking time. I rotated the baking pans throughout the bake to get even colour on the pretzels. The pretzels baked to a deep golden colour, as specified in the directions, but not to a darker brown as shown in the picture and as is typically seen on pretzels.

The last step before we could eat a pretzel was to brush them with butter.

The pretzels are delicious. They have a buttery flavor (not surprising, since they were brushed with butter after baking). They taste pretzelly, but not super pretzelly. Commercial pretzel bakers boil the pretzels in a lye solution, which is more caustic than the baking soda solution I used. This impacts both the flavor and the colour of the pretzels. I have read that you can bake baking soda to change it into Carbonate of Soda (rather than Bicarbonate of Soda), which is more caustic than baking soda, but less caustic than lye, so I’d like to try either that or a lye bath next time. I also wonder how much deeper the colour would have gotten if I had left the pretzels in the oven for 25 minutes. Would they have been over-baked at that point? Clearly more experimentation is needed.

Until the next time: may your yeast always rise and your flour never run out

Unlocking the Flavors of Multigrain Bread

Words are funny. When I picture a “multigrain” bread I think of something brown, made with whole wheat flour. This loaf, however, is made entirely of white bread flour, but incorporates whole grains and seeds. Surprise!

The night before baking I weighed out my grains and seeds and set them to soak. I used 20 grams each of poppy seeds, quinoa, and Old Fashioned oats, and 25 grams of rye grain (I used my grain mill on the largest setting to crack the grain).

The next morning I prepared my mise en place. Other than the soaked grains, this bread is extremely simple: just flour, water, salt, and yeast.

Per the instructions, I mixed all the ingredients together, then kneaded the dough (I kneaded by hand for 4 minutes). I still find it difficult to gauge when I have kneaded enough since a dough that is “smooth and elastic” is rather subjective, so I try to err on the side of too much kneading rather than too little.

After the dough had risen for an hour I divided it in two and preshaped shaped it.

I let the loaves rest for 15 minutes, then did the final shaping.

I let the loaves rise for an additional 45 minutes before baking. When I took the covers off them to put them in the oven I noticed that they had risen sideways instead of up, which was concerning.

But there wasn’t much to do except bake them, so I scored them (the dough was quite wet and didn’t want to score nicely), put them in the oven, and crossed my fingers.

Since I had two free-form loaves, I once again decided to test the impact of my baking cloche on the bread.

I removed the lid of the cloche after 15 minutes of baking and found that both loves had risen very little, and that the loaf inside the cloche seemed to have spread outward a little more, possibly because of the extra steam generated within the cloche chamber.

I finished the bake, but wasn’t very happy with these “long and short” loaves.

The bread tasted quite good, so I decided to try again, this time baking the bread in loaf pans.

I am much happier with the bread in this shape, although I did still notice that the dough rose outward to fill the pan before it started climbing up, and I was a little disappointed that the oven spring was so little. This bread is quite tasty, and I can definitely see myself making it again.

Until the next time: may your yeast always rise and your flour never run out.

Ultimate Cinnamon Rolls Recipe: A Family Tradition

My mom is known for her cinnamon rolls. I remember staying up with her until midnight to make the cinnamon rolls, and then she would get up at 5 or 6 AM to bake them. And when she made the cream cheese frosting my brothers and I would always fight over who got to lick the beaters. Yum!

As I prepared to bake the next recipe in the King Arthur Baking School book I wondered how these would compare to my mom’s cinnamon rolls. This dough starts with a tangzhong. I weighed my ingredients, then whisked them together on the stove until the mixture thickened. This only took a minute or two.

Then all the ingredients went into the stand mixer, starting with the hot tangzhong.

I mixed the dough in the stand mixer until it was elastic and no longer stuck to the sides of the bowl.

Then I allowed the dough to rest for an hour. During the rest I prepared the filling. I have never used a cinnamon roll filling that incorporates melted butter into the filling. I’ve always spread room-temperature butter on the rolled-out dough and then sprinkled the cinnamon sugar over top. This filling also incorporated flour, which was new to me as well.

After an hour the dough was ready, so I rolled it out into a rectangle and sprinkled the cin Amon sugar mixture on it.

Then I rolled it all up into a log, pinched the seam closed, and cut the log into 8 pieces.

I greased a 9×13 pan, arranged my cinnamon rolls in the pan, and left them to rise for an hour.

When the rolls had risen I baked them for 18 minutes: a shorter time than I would have expected. The rolls were just barely golden on top when I took them out of the oven.

While the cinnamon rolls baked I made the frosting. This is a butter-based frosting that does not use any cream cheese. The frosting was very easy to whisk up by hand.

At last, I frosted the warm cinnamon rolls and tucked right in.

Ok, don’t tell my mom, but I think these might be better than her cinnamon rolls? The short bake causes the cinnamon rolls to be extremely tender. I do think 18 minutes was slightly underbaked (a few of the rolls were slightly doughy) and I would bake these for 20 or 22 minutes next time. The dough has great flavor and doesn’t taste yeasty at all (a yeasty flavor is the only gripe I have with my mom’s cinnamon rolls). The filling is perfectly spiced and is ooey-gooey without running out of the baked roll. I prefer a cream cheese frosting because that’s what I grew up with, but I didn’t miss the tanginess of the cream cheese with these cinnamon rolls. If I were to open a bakery selling cinnamon rolls, I would absolutely use this recipe.

Until the next time: may your yeast always rise and your flour never run out.

Delicious Sweet Bread – Recipe Variations

The next recipe in the King Arthur Baking School book is called Tender Sweet Bread. The recipe makes two loaves, and once again I am trying two variations.

Mise en place:

I started by combining my dry ingredients …

… then added the butter and worked it in by hand. The recipe instructed that the butter should be worked into the flour until it was “evenly dispersed,” but did not recommend a method to achieve this, so I rubbed the butter into the flour in the same way I would for biscuits or a pie crust.

Finally, I added the wet ingredients and mixed the dough together.

I kneaded the dough for 4 minutes, then set it aside to rise for an hour.

Once the bulk fermentation was complete I divided the dough in half and pre-shaped it. One half was further divided into three logs for a braid. The other half stayed in one piece.

While the dough was resting I mixed up the poppy seed filling for the 2nd loaf with canned poppy seed filling, egg white, and orange zest. Prior to reading this recipe I didn’t even know that poppy seed filling existed! My local grocery store does carry it, but I had to go twice to find it. If you’re looking for canned poppy seed filling, look in the aisle with the canned pie fillings.

Once the dough had rested for 15 minutes I shaped it. The three logs were rolled out very long and thin and braided. I learned that rolling dough into a thin log works best when you only roll one direction (toward your body or away from your body) instead of rolling back and forth (toward and away from your body).

The other half of the dough was rolled out into a large rectangle (yay! I got to use my rolling pin!), spread with poppy seed filling, then rolled up like a cinnamon roll. Finally, I used a bread knife to cut the roll down the center and twisted the two halves together decoratively.

I left both loaves to finish proofing, which took about 30 minutes.

Before baking I mixed up an egg wash and brushed it over the plain braided loaf.

Then both loaves went into the oven. They both baked up beautifully in 30 minutes.

This bread is quite good. It is sweet, but not too sweet. I plan to make this bread again, but I will leave the vanilla out next time. I found the vanilla flavor to make this bread less of a multipurpose bread and more of a dessert. I do not want a sandwich with vanilla-flavored bread, for instance. The bread excels as French Toast, though!

We tried French Toast with both the plain bread and the poppy seed bread. The orange zest in the poppy seed bread was a bit strong for us in this application. Frankly, the orange zest was a bit much in the poppy seed bread for me overall. Lemon zest would have been better here. My husband made a lemon frosting to eat with this, which was divine.

Until the next time: may your yeast always rise and your flour never run out

Freshly Milled vs Store-Bought Flour: A Baking Experiment

This week something very exciting happened: I got a grain mill!! Specifically, a Mockmill Lino 200.

I couldn’t wait to use it, so I skipped ahead a few recipes in the King Arthur Baking School book and made whole wheat sandwich bread. But because I’m me I couldn’t just make the recipe. I had to do an experiment. I was curious how the freshly-milled wheat would compare to store-bought flour, so I setup a head-to-head comparison.

I keep my whole wheat flour and my grain in the freezer, so I put them both out on the counter and weighed out the amount needed for my recipe the morning of the bake so they could come to room temperature. I milled my flour, then realized it was significantly warmer than its store-bought cousin and let both flours sit for a while longer so their temperatures could equalize. I was surprised by the difference in colour between these flours, but that is likely due to the type of wheat used. My flour is milled from Hard White Winter Wheat. The store bought flour is Lidl brand. I can’t find a definitive answer on what kind of wheat is used in Lidl brand whole wheat flour, but whole wheat flour is typically milled from Hard Red Spring or Winter Wheat.

The fresh-milled flour is on the left. The store-bought flour is on the right.

For all steps in the baking process I worked with the fresh-milled flour first, and pictures of the fresh-milled flour will be on the left where there is a comparison.

When I couldn’t wait any longer I laid out my mise en place for both recipes. At this point the freshly-milled flour was 76 degrees F, and the store-bought flour was 61 degrees F. I used water from my fridge dispenser and was surprised to see a 10 degree (F) difference between the first and second cups of water (58 vs 67 degrees F), but that ended up working in my favor to equalize the temperature between the two batches of bread.

First I mixed up the dough with fresh-milled flour.

Immediately after, I mixed up the sister dough with store bought flour.

The doughs both felt quite sandy at this point. I left them to rest and hydrate for 15 minutes.

After the doughs had rested I incorporated the All Purpose flour into the dough with fresh flour and then kneaded the dough for 5 minutes. I didn’t stir all of the AP flour into the dough, but whatever was remaining (plus a little extra) got used during kneading.

I followed the same process for the dough with store-bought flour.

After both doughs had been kneaded I took their temperatures (the freshly-milled dough was 75 degrees and the store-bought dough was 76 degrees F), covered them, and let them rise. My kitchen was at a balmy 74 degrees F. After about an hour they passed the doorbell test and were ready to be divided and shaped. Before dividing I weighed both doughs: the dough with freshly-milled flour weighed 1357g and the dough with store-bought flour weighed 1367g.

I watched the video showing how to shape this bread and followed the recommended shaping method for all 4 loaves. After shaping the dough rested for another hour.

Once the final rise was complete the bread went into the oven.

The colour differences between the loaves continued into the baked bread. The bread made with store-bought flour rose higher than the bread made with fresh-milled flour, which I half-expected after reading this article. However, the bread with fresh-milled flour had much better flavor. It had a sweetness and freshness to it, whereas the bread made with store-bought flour (while still tasting very good) had a bit of a bitter flavor.

Both breads had a buttery flavor and a very tender crumb. In my opinion the crumb is too tender to be used for sandwiches, but the bread is excellent toasted.

Until the next time: may your yeast always rise and your flour never run out.